Accumulating data demonstrate that high TGF-β is correlated with resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, thus anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibodies such as YM101 and BiTP confer the resistance and exhibit enhanced antitumor activity in cancer treatment (27, 28). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.