BSG and hepatocellular carcinoma: The binding of MMPs on the stromal cells stimulates matrix breakdown, endothelial-mesenchymal transitioning (EMT), and increased vascular permeability, conditions necessary for tumor invasiveness and metastasis of tumors; inhibition of CD147 by knockdown, siRNA, shRNA, or monoclonal antibody in several aggressive human cancers such as U251 glioblastoma and T7721 hepatoma cell lines led to reduced cell adhesion, invasiveness, migration, and metastasis (39, 81).