Stimulation with LPS in combination with 0.3% of AF from raw colostrum resulted in a substantial fold-increase of IL-8 and MIP-3α levels, specifically 12.9 ± 3.3 and 15.0 ± 1.4 (mean ± SEM) respectively, compared to the basal condition. Here, CXCL8 is linked to atrial fibrillation.