Wnt signaling that includes Wnt1 can control autophagy (621–624), prevent endothelial cell death in experimental models of DM (412), limit dopaminergic neuron cell loss in PD (625), oversee repair of wounds during DM (626), assist with human β-cell proliferation (627), foster growth in the musculoskeletal system (57, 497, 628), and inhibit cognitive loss with DM and aging (629). Here, WNT1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.