Tetramethylpyrazine, an effective compound extracted from the umbelliferous plant Chuanxiong, decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory factors in the alveoli and reduced mortality in mice with LPS-induced ALI by inhibiting TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway to downregulate NLRP3 expression and caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis (181). Here, NFKB1 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.