IL-17 can stimulate the generation of various cytokines (such as TNF and IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and chemokines (CXCL1 and CXCL8), increase AMP expression, and promote keratinocyte proliferation (145), which may essentially lead to the clearance of cutaneous fungal infection. Here, TNF is linked to fungal infectious disease.