CARD9 and dermatophytosis: For example, homozygous (HMZ) p.Q289X, HMZ p.Q295X and HMZ p.D274fsX60 are the most commonly identified CARD9 mutations, among which the HMZ p.Q289X mutation is mainly found in Africa and is associated with a significant increase in the risk of developing deep dermatophytosis compared to other mutations (187).