Our data demonstrate that infection of WT-HCs leads to Gasdermin D cleavage compared to uninfected cells at 24 hr p.i. In contrast, consistent with CASP11 activation, E. japonica infection of MyD88-/- HCs did not result in Gasdermin D cleavage at same time point when compared to uninfected MyD88-/- HCs and infected WT HCs. This evidence concerns the gene MYD88 and infection.