AIRE and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1: Impairment of central tolerance by inherited defects of thymic development leads to syndromes including the autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndromes (ALPS), caused by failure of the extrinsic activation-induced cell death pathways (mutations in FAS, FASLG, and FADD), and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) 1, caused by mutations in AIRE.