CYP19A1 and colonic neoplasm: The antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of E. jambolana fruit extract (JPE) have been documented in estrogen-dependent/aromatase-positive and estrogen-independent breast cancer cells and colon cancer cells [21-25]. However, research on the pro-apoptotic and anticancer properties of Jambolana extract on HSCC is relatively scarce.