FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; ↑, increased; ↓, decreased; GnRH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone; HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A; PCOS, polycystic ovarian syndrome. The gene discussed is PLOD1; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.