Representative IHC images were shown in Figure 2A. IHC revealed that APOBEC3A expression was significantly higher in cervical cancer than in normal cervical tissues (P < 0.001), and APOBEC3A expression level in CIN tissues was higher than in normal cervical tissues (P < 0.001) (Figure 2B). This evidence concerns the gene APOBEC3A and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.