APOE and Alzheimer disease: In general, in AD patients higher levels of reactive glia are thought to occur early in disease progression (Hoozemans et al., 2011), in females compared to males (Duarte-Guterman et al., 2020; Lynch, 2022) and with APOE4 (Reale et al., 2012; Ringman et al., 2012; Tzioras et al., 2019; Friedberg et al., 2020).