OXT and Anorexia: Nesfatin-1 positive neurons in the PVN and SON have been found to co-express OXT and arginine–vasopressin (AVP), and studies have suggested that nesfatin-1-induced oxytocinergic signaling in the PVN to POMC neurons in the NTS (but not the ARC) may be responsible for causing anorexia in the absence of the actions of leptin, with its effects blocked by an OXT antagonist (227-229).