Mice studies have shown that male and female offspring may develop different metabolic phenotypes after similar exposure, e.g., GDM or metformin medication during pregnancy.13,14 In our previous studies, boys in the metformin group had better high-density lipoprotein cholesterol15 and adiponectin16 concentration than the boys in the insulin group at the age of 9 years. Here, INS is linked to gestational diabetes.