While inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1, and IL‐17 act as pathogenic cytokines in RA, anti‐inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐10, and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) are ameliorating cytokines. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.