HSPA1A and neurodegenerative disease: These pathological changes ultimately translated into a neuronal transcriptional response seen in neurodegenerative diseases with decrease in chaperones (like HSP70, as shown by reduction in Hspa1a and Hspa1b transcripts) and increases in ubiquitination and oxidative stress (NDUFA4, COX6C) particularly in a subset of cortical neurons that are susceptible to chronic stress (27).