In an experimental model, PDGFA enhanced the growth of IDH1R132H mutant immortal Cdkn2a, Atrx, and Pten deficient astrocytes and PDGFA cooperated with IDH1R132H and loss of Cdkn2a, Atrx, and Pten to promote glioma formation in vivo [31]. Here, PTEN is linked to glioma.