In particular, compared with patients with CKD stages I–II, the absolute count of various B cell subpopulations in CKD stage V patients significantly decreased: naïve B cells (117 [77.2–170] vs. 50.7 [40.1–88.7]), transitional B cells (16.4 [8.92–24.6] vs. 3.15 [1.55–5.81]), plasmablasts (2.01 [1.09–2.99] vs. 1.08 [0.56–1.84]), unswitched B cells (20.6 [13.4–28.5] vs. 9.10 [5.21–15.1]), switched B cells (33.6 [23.4–58.2] vs. 21.1 [12.8–30.9]), DN B cells (9.04 [6.06–14.1] vs. 6.41 [4.07–11.9]), and CD5+ B cells (39.5 [23.0–61.9] vs. 7.94 [3.78–14.0]). This evidence concerns the gene CD5 and chronic kidney disease.