Disruption of SG dynamics by disease-linked mutations of certain SG constituents, such as TDP-43 and TIA120,21, leads to persistent granules, which is associated with pathological inclusions and neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD)22. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.