Disruption of SG dynamics by disease-linked mutations of certain SG constituents, such as TDP-43 and TIA120,21, leads to persistent granules, which is associated with pathological inclusions and neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD)22. This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and neurodegenerative disease.