Future applications of this analysis include a more granulated description of subgroups of macrosomia, a consideration of maternal risk factors and implications for the early detection, monitoring and medical care of metabolic conditions that can lead to hyperglycaemia, the excessive secretion of insulin, fat deposition and fetal organomegaly,6, 43, 44 such as overweight, obesity and gestational diabetes.11 The gene discussed is INS; the disease is gestational diabetes.