CSF3 and cancer: All physicians treating cancer patients should consider the use of G‐CSF prophylaxis in patients receiving chemotherapy, paying particular attention to patient-related risk factors.<h4>Key messages</h4>Strategies to optimize G‐CSF use include educating medical oncologists and pharmacists on the appropriate use of G‐CSF and informing patients about the efficacy of G‐CSF and its potential adverse effects.