In a recent study including a subcohort of the EfFECTS trial, the differential expression of GLUT 1, hexokinase 2, monocarboxylate transporter 4, and vascular endothelial growth factor in [18F]FDG-positive and [18F]FDG-negative nodules suggested that changes in the glucose metabolism of [18F]FDG-positive benign nodules are similar to those in [18F]FDG-positive thyroid carcinomas.57 The results of this study suggest that [18F]FDG avidity in benign nodules may be explained by molecular alterations in oncogenes, especially isolated RAS mutations. The gene discussed is HK2; the disease is thyroid gland carcinoma.