EGFR and neoplasm: This observation-based study was conducted in an Egyptian population of NSCLC patients and matched controls to assess the significance of EGFR mutations in susceptibility to NSCLC in consideration of confounding factors such as gender and age differences between healthy and NSCLC patients, as well as immunohistochemical tumor markers and histopathological subtypes between EGFRmut and EGFRwt in NSCLC patients.