Further, we observed two of our candidate markers (ANXA3 and ARG1) significantly upregulated (FDR < 4.82E-02) in NSCLC cases compared to the controls in the training set (TS) dataset in the study performed by Zander and colleagues27 (with logFC values 0.70 and 1.09, respectively) when adjusted for age (scaled) and sex (all individuals were ever smokers). The gene discussed is ANXA3; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.