The ectopic EMX1 isoforms in SNU-398 and Hep-G2 showed similar growth patterns to the vector control in vitro (Supplementary Fig. S3B) and in vivo (the subcutaneous xenograft model showed EMX1-FL seemed to grow faster but had no statistical significance; Supplementary Fig. S3C–E), indicating that neither EMX1-FL nor EMX1-X1 contribute to proliferation of HCC cells. Here, EMX1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.