Several studies on multiple sclerosis and asthma found that MALAT1 and NEAT1 regulate the RUNX3–GATA3/TBX21 axis, key transcription factors (TFs) in T cell differentiation, by regulating the expression levels of the related miRs, thereby influencing the direction of the Th1/Th2 bias. The gene discussed is NEAT1; the disease is multiple sclerosis.