The administration of rosmarinic acid for 7 days at 5 and 10 mg/kg b.w./day led to the downregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1, the upregulation of BDNF, and the modulation of dopamine and corticosterone synthesis in a model of depression in mice with bupropion as a positive control [191]. The gene discussed is DUSP1; the disease is major depressive disorder.