Notably, Zhou et al. demonstrated that transplantation of human ADMSCs (hADMSCs) in MCAO mice promotes memory, spatial learning, and stroke symptom amelioration by transdifferentiating into neuron-like cells (MAP2+) in vivo, thereby establishing hADMSCs as a potential replacement-based stem cell therapy for stroke [40]. The gene discussed is MAP2; the disease is Stroke.