NPM1 and leukemia: It is important to recognize that a significant portion of AML cases categorized as having a normal karyotype through conventional cytogenetic analysis may obscure other molecular mutations and rearrangements of diagnostic importance, including FLT3 internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD), mixed-lineage leukemia gene-partial tandem duplications (MLLPTD), or nucleophosmin (NPM1) mutations [31,32].