-Provide radioresistance [257].-Integrin αvβ3 is actively involved in tumor angiogenesis [258].-Overexpression of αv integrin subunit is associated with tumor invasion and metastasis [259].-Participate in HNSCC proliferation and invasion by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) signaling pathway [247].-In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the mRNA and protein expression levels of integrin αv also correlate with tumor size and lymph node spread [260]. Here, MAP2K7 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.