Like the leakage of proteins in diabetic nephropathy, the BBB alteration in the brain has been associated with the anomalous flux of some molecules, such as albumin, pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF and interleukin 6 (IL6), lipoproteins, vitamin C, dextran, and some amino acids like the branched-chain neutral amino acids, which may contribute to amyloid plaque-associated degenerating neurites [42,53,125,126]. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and diabetic kidney disease.