Among them, S1PR1 controls the expression of IL-1β in response to Newcastle disease virus by modulating the NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasome pathway and enhances inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney, while S1PR4 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by activating NLRP3 inflammasomes [13,22]. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.