WIF1 and Hyperglycemia: Another study by Zhao et al. showed that endogenous inhibitors of Wnt signaling were upregulated in the hearts of E10.5 embryos exposed to maternal hyperglycemia in STZ-induced mouse models, including Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (Wif1), amino-terminal enhancer of split (Aes), and the β-catenin destructor Casein kinase 2 a1 polypeptide (Csnk2a1) [117].