MAPK8 and colonic neoplasm: Additionally, JNK activation has been shown to induce cell death of HT-29 and Caco-2 human colon cancer cells through autophagy, involving upregulation of mRNA levels of genes related to autophagy (Bnip1, Atg12l, Beclin1, Lc3, Vsp34, Ulk2) via the interaction between JNK and FOXO [80,81].