CHI3L1 and Alzheimer disease: A report about the brains of AD patients and normal individuals found that the significant difference in CHI3L1 can be attributed to an imbalance in the cell activation spectrum, with increased neuronal activity in the low-CHI3L1-expression group (LCEG) and enhanced inflammatory processes mediated by microglia activation in the high-CHI3L1-expression group (HCEG), suggesting that CHI3L1 may activate microglia to promote inflammation and AD progression and may be related to gender [117].