Although Apobec1 deficiency does not cause any abnormalities in the mice in short term [54], these findings suggest that the detrimental effect of A3B is “enhanced” upon the loss of murine Apobec1. It has been reported that aged Apobec1 deficient mice exhibit elevated atherosclerosis levels [54, 62]. The gene discussed is APOBEC3B; the disease is atherosclerosis.