The most frequently investigated somatic molecular alterations were: (i) BRAF V600E mutation, NTRK fusions and RET fusions in RAI-R DTC; (ii) BRAF V600E mutation, NTRK, ALK and RET fusions in ATC; and (iii) RET mutations in MTC (Fig. 1E). This evidence concerns the gene ALK and medullary thyroid gland carcinoma.