To see if these results mirror the patterns of resistance in patients with lung cancer, two patients who were treated with an anti-PD-1 antibody were analyzed, and it was found that TIM-3 expression was higher in the specimens from the patients who developed resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy compared to the samples from patients who did not receive anti-PD-1 therapy. Here, HAVCR2 is linked to lung cancer.