New evidence on the murine model of multiple sclerosis suggests that metformin-induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway activation stimulates remyelination through induction of neurotrophic factors (NGF, BDNF and ciliary neurotrophic factor), downregulation of neurite outgrowth inhibitor (NogoA) and recruitment of Olig2+ precursor cells opening the way for new therapeutic strategies based on AMPK activation [208]. This evidence concerns the gene NGF and multiple sclerosis.