Thus, it has been reported that mitochondrial metabolism is involved in the processes that control insulin release from pancreatic β cells [24], and its dysfunction due to mutations in the mtDNA would favor the development of diabetes [25,26,27,28] On the other hand, it has been reported that the presence of mutations in the mtDNA of insulin target tissues (like myocytes), and consequently mitochondrial dysfunction, plays a highly debated role in the development of diabetes [29,30]. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.