KARS1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Although there is a lack of studies of genetic backgrounds such as KARS mutation by 6-gingerol, our results indicate that 6-gingerol has anticancer effects, which include the induction of intrinsic apoptosis and the inhibition of cell cycle arrest, invasion, and tumorsphere formation via downregulating intracellular iron levels and PD-L1 expression in A549 and H460 NSCLC cells.