Furthermore, elevated levels of CCL5, CCL11, CCL27, IL-1α, and/or IL-12p70 may play a role in the peripheral (atherosclerosis, cutaneous inflammation, immune aberrations, hypospermatogenesis) and central (neuroinflammation, neurotoxic, neurodegenerative, depression, anxiety, and psychosis) side effects of MA use. Here, CCL27 is linked to depressive symptom measurement.