IL4 and infection: This is consistent with results reported in several countries [6–8], and it may be speculated that asthma “protects” individuals from infection with SARS-CoV-2 because the upregulation of interleukins 4 and 13 and downregulation of interferon in asthma reduce the expression of the surface protein to which the virus binds, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [9–11].