CD4 and neoplasm: It is taken for granted that low CD4+/CD8+ reflects T cell exhaustion and lower ability of immune system to response accurately that is rationally expected in patients with cancer39 and our data is in line with this fact; however, to determine the exact role of TGF- β on the regulation of the T cell differentiation, it is necessary to investigate CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the tumor site and pharmacologically targeting TGF- β in cancer cells that will be surveyed in future study.