TNF and breast cancer: Moreover, GSEA indicated a significant correlation between gene sets corresponding to immune-related phenotypes—inflammatory response signaling, interferon-α/interferon-γ response signaling, TNF-α signaling via NF-κB, and the IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway was enriched in therapy-induced senescent breast cancer cells, respectively (Fig. 7f and Supplementary Fig. 9c).