KISS1 and Infertility: Recently, we have provided direct evidence that KNDy (an acronym for kisspeptin/neurokinin B [NKB]/dynorphin A [Dyn]) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) serve as the GnRH pulse generator by showing that the rescue of KNDy neurons by transfecting the Kiss1 gene into ARC NKB neurons recovered luteinizing hormone (LH) pulses and folliculogenesis in infertile global Kiss1 knockout (KO) female rats6.