CSF1R and neoplasm: Treatment with ICIs alone had no effect on tumour growth, while combination with BLZ945 induced potent synergy and complete regression of small tumours and inhibited progressive growth of large tumours in a majority of mice.70 Since CSF-1R+ myeloid infiltration predicts poor neuroblastoma outlook and PD-L1 is strongly associated with CSF-1R expression in human neuroblastomas, this may represent a promising therapeutic avenue.72 However, preclinical evidence for CSF-1R inhibition reported to date is often conflicting and highly model and context-dependent.