PRKN and Parkinson disease: Notably, in terms of secondary outcome analysis that compared participants of PD versus PDs (Figure 2H), the AUCs for PINK1 (0.579; 95% CI: 0.504–0.655), Parkin (0.490; 95% CI: 0.414–0.565), and PGAM5 (0.614; 95% CI: 0.537–0.692) were comparable, and all the AUC levels were less than 0.62, indicating the MAPs unable to differentiate the PD from PDs.