Tan-IIA can regulate ferroptosis through various pathways and our PPI network revealed that Tan-IIA may impact AMD by targeting RELA and TP63 [44, 45] In RPE cells, Tan-IIA exerts a protective effect against oxidative stress by inhibiting HIF-1α secretion and apoptosis [46, 47]. Here, RELA is linked to age-related macular degeneration.