Other studies have demonstrated that members of the inositol phosphate metabolism pathway, which was significantly affected in the renal cortex of the IUGR pups in our study, regulate insulin signaling, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling, endocytosis, vesicle trafficking, and cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis [53]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is fetal growth restriction.